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Can we prevent the next epidemic? The elimination of childhood diseases by mass vaccination
M. G. Roberts
Advances in Decision Sciences , 2000, DOI: 10.1155/s1173912600000134
Abstract: Recently in New Zealand there have been outbreaks of measles and pertussis every six and five years respectively. A model has been used to compare the dynamics of these diseases, and to determine the optimum ages at which children should be vaccinated against them. Whereas measles could be eliminated by giving the second vaccination at five years instead of eleven, it is difficult to devise a practical scheme that would eliminate pertussis. It is then necessary to consider vaccination schemes in the light of the age-structure of future epidemics as well as their timing.
Dystrophins and dystrobrevins
Roland G Roberts
Genome Biology , 2001, DOI: 10.1186/gb-2001-2-4-reviews3006
Abstract: The paradigm of the family is human dystrophin, originally identified [1] through its deficiency in the lethal neuromuscular disorder Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) [2,3]. In addition to dystrophin, vertebrates possess two closely related proteins - utrophin [4] and dystrophin-related protein 2 (DRP2) [5]. A single common ancestor of these three proteins is present in all invertebrate metazoans hitherto examined [6]; I shall refer to these generically as the dystrophins.A protein distantly related to the carboxy-terminal part of the dystrophins was isolated from the electric organ of the electric ray Torpedo [7]. Now known as dystrobrevin, it is present as a single protein in invertebrates and two closely related proteins (α- and β-dystrobrevin) in vertebrates [8,9,10]. The dystrophins and dystrobrevins bind to each other via a homotypic coiled-coil interaction [11].Although dystrophin and dystrobrevin-like proteins in non-metazoans have yet to be identified, a very remotely related protein has been described [12]; discontinuous actin hexagon (DAH) is an actin-binding membrane-associated phosphoprotein required for cellularization of the embryonic syncytium in Drosophila. The sheer degree of divergence of DAH from the presumed last common ancestor of dystrophin and dystrobrevin hints at a more ancient history and broader functional scope for these proteins.At more than 2.4 megabases (Mb), with some introns several hundred kilobases (kb) in length, the human dystrophin gene is the largest ever characterized (see Table 1). The reason for the evolutionary maintenance of this large gene size is unclear, but it appears that other vertebrate dystrophin and utrophin genes are similarly colossal (the human utrophin gene has been estimated at 900 kb). Even the Drosophila dystrophin-like gene [13], at 130 kb, is large by this organism's standards.The genes are also complex - the human dystrophin gene itself has 79 coding exons [14], a substantial amount of alternative spli
Jocks versus Geeks—the Downside of Genius?
Roland G. Roberts
PLOS Biology , 2014, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001872
Abstract:
Braking Bad: Stopping Translation in Hard Times
Roland G. Roberts
PLOS Biology , 2014, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001867
Abstract:
Assessing internal migration in a small country
Roberts, G.W.
Canadian Studies in Population , 1978,
Abstract:
Building a Sea Urchin on Shifting Sands
Roland G. Roberts
PLOS Biology , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001690
Abstract:
Deep Genealogy and the Dilution of Risk
Roland G. Roberts
PLOS Biology , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001660
Abstract:
Positive Charges Put the Brakes on Ribosomes
Roland G. Roberts
PLOS Biology , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001509
Abstract:
Myelination Borrows a Trick from Phage
Roland G. Roberts
PLOS Biology , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001626
Abstract:
The Velvet Underground Emerges
Roland G. Roberts
PLOS Biology , 2013, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001751
Abstract:
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